Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.
What is the test for placing a plaintiff on the floor of a vehicle with no seat restraints?
Alberta, Canada
What is the history of the Shephard test?
Ontario, Canada
What is the current state of the law in the context of mental impairment in a criminal case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there any case law in which a defendant can challenge a finding that his criminal convictions involved more than 1,000 marijuana plants?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a jury be found guilty of prejudicial misconduct by discussing the prospect of a hung jury and consequent retrial at which minor witnesses might again have to testify?
California, United States of America
What is the test for compelled testimony in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What authority has the court relied on to instruct the jury on the charge of involuntary manslaughter?
California, United States of America
Does a general contractor have a duty to protect the safety of a subcontractor?
California, United States of America
Is there any reason to reopen the question of whether a violent crime committed by a defendant is a felonies or misdemeanor?
California, United States of America
When is a brief stop of a suspicious individual most reasonable?
California, United States of America
What is the test to determine whether a sentence is grossly disproportionate?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant argue that the trial court erroneously refused to instruct on voluntary manslaughter?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test for striking a ball from the first ground?
British Columbia, Canada
On what ground is "Mixed fact and law"?
Nova Scotia, Canada
What is the test for harassment and failure to prevent sexual harassment claims?
California, United States of America
What is the test for entitlement to spousal support when a spouse is diagnosed with a debilitating illness?
Ontario, Canada
How is a net worth assessment calculated in an appeal?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for ineffective performance of counsel in a civil case?
California, United States of America
What is an obligation of a judge presiding in a criminal jury trial to review and relate the substantial features of the evidence adduced?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for reducing the amount of restitution at a personal injury restitution hearing?
California, United States of America
Does a judge have jurisdiction to dismiss state claims against Columbia Operations?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the scope and scope of an extradition hearing?
Ontario, Canada
What is the impact of a judge's own perspective on the judicial process?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a search warrant need to state the name of the driver and correct license number of the vehicle to be searched?
California, United States of America
What is the Miranda requirement for police officers to admonish suspects of their Fifth Amendment rights?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law supporting the superiority of a class action?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What document(s) does the developer need to develop to what?
California, United States of America
Can a visa officer assess an applicant according to all three options when the applicant chooses to apply under only one of them?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for determining whether a plaintiff’s injuries are indivisible or a constituent cause?
British Columbia, Canada
In a pre-FLA case, in what circumstances is a condominium claim enforceable?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for ordering a section 15 report from an expert?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for adding a respondent to an application that has been late filing?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a defendant have to serve consecutive sentences on counts 6 and 7 of a charge of assault with intent to pervert the course of justice?
California, United States of America
How has the waiver doctrine been interpreted in the context of an aggravated assault case?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will the 9th Circuit Court issue an amended opinion that overturns a district court order denying relief in a civil rights lawsuit?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the range of deductions for lost years in a personal injury case?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the impact of a child relocation on a parent's relationship?
Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Does a prior conviction that increases the statutory penalty for sexual assault need to be proven before a jury?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for consent in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
What constitutes negligent misrepresentation in a claim?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a student has failed to meet the academic requirements of a school?
California, United States of America
What is the test for making a prima facie order?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does Section 5K2.6 of the Criminal Code allow the defense to leave the scene of the crime where the accused used a weapon during the crime?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for granting a new trial after a defense verdict in a motor vehicle accident?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will the court allow a prosecutor to use the term "implied malice" at the outset of her closing argument?
California, United States of America
What is the test for using prior statements as evidence in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a claim that a statement was obtained in violation of Miranda?
California, United States of America
Can a motion to vary an order be made on the basis that it has materially incomplete material that would have changed the outcome?
Ontario, Canada
Can a defendant who would have been convicted of a misdemeanor under section 1170.18 of the California Penal Code apply to appeal against his sentence?
California, United States of America
What is the test for reasonable expectations and proportionality analyses?
Ontario, Canada
Does the court need to consider the adequacy of the expungement process when it comes to expunting DNA evidence of a qualifying crime?
California, United States of America
What is the test for maintaining a claim of retaliation pursuant to the First Amendment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is it unreasonable for a federal judge to block a state court's decision on a motion of appeal?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for non-compensatory support?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the scope of appellant's ineffective assistance of counsel argument?
California, United States of America
On what grounds can a company be sued on the basis of a claim that it would be a violation of the Chemical Safety Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is an aider and abettor of an attempted murder?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there any case law that supports the argument that Arroyas is a "serious" crime for future enhancement purposes?
California, United States of America
How have the courts interpreted the evidentiary rulings of a trial court?
California, United States of America
Is a defendant eligible for a life without parole sentence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can supervision of a person under arrest including supervision while using the washroom constitute treatment?
Saskatchewan, Canada
Does the Attorney General have any legal basis for the discovery sanction or discovery sanction aspect of the Court's ruling?
California, United States of America
What are some cases that have been cited by Plaintiff in support of his jurisdictional arguments?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a retroactive award be made to a child's parents when the child is no longer in their care?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the limitation period for filing a motion to overturn a conviction?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for leading evidence in Charter litigation?
Alberta, Canada
What legal authority supports a claim for damages for loss of housekeeping capacity?
Alberta, Canada
Does the definition of reasonable doubt in Cal.C.CRCRIM No. 220, 220, give rise to a claim that it does not properly define reasonable doubt?
California, United States of America
Does Section 654, subdivision (a) of the California Criminal Code apply?
California, United States of America
Is a person "armed with a deadly weapon" when he simply carries a weapon or has it available to use in either offense or defense?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will the court review the award for abuse of fees?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the meaning of section 190.5(b) of the California Penal Code when it refers to life without parole?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant be charged with a misdemeanor under Proposition 47 of the California Criminal Code for unlawful driving or taking a vehicle?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a presiding justice be asked to recuse herself?
Ontario, Canada
What is the standard for review of a sentence imposed by a federal district court?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for good notice in a commercial contract?
Saskatchewan, Canada
Can a motion for self-representation be reviewed for abuse of discretion?
California, United States of America
What is the impact of blunt language in the context of bias?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Can a claim of ineffective assistance be raised in a motion for a new trial under Penal Code 4 section 1181?
California, United States of America
What is the test for establishing reasonable doubt in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What is the duty of the trial court to instruct the jury on the general principles of law governing the case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to determine the sufficiency of evidence in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
How have we received responses from Appointed Counsel to our request for independent review pursuant to People v. Wende?
California, United States of America
Is there a conflict of interest between a defendant and his attorney?
California, United States of America
Does post-judgment interest apply from the date that an offer to settle is delivered?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for instructing a jury on the theory of manslaughter?
California, United States of America
Is detention reasonable under the Fourth Amendment?
California, United States of America
In a civil case, can a defendant's in-custody statement be used as evidence at trial?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a defendant's intent to injure was irrelevant?
California, United States of America
What is the legal burden of proving due execution, knowledge and approval and testamentary capacity in a will?
Ontario, Canada
Does defendant have a duty to explain himself to the court?
California, United States of America
What is hearsay evidence in a civil case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a cause of action for unlawful detention or arrest?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a prosecutor's statement that "I think some of the defense witnesses are rather hard to accept" undermine the fairness of the trial?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the appropriate time for determining net income loss?
British Columbia, Canada
What are the implications of the 2009/2009 Rules on expiry and extension of execution orders?
Nova Scotia, Canada
What is the test for maximum conduct under s. 16 of the Divorce Act?
Ontario, Canada
Can a spouse establish both a claim for reapportionment and spousal support?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for assessing punitive damages in a personal injury case?
Ontario, Canada
How have the courts dealt with an allegation of prejudicial misconduct in the closing argument?
California, United States of America
What is the test on a status review hearing?
Ontario, Canada
What is the state of the law in relation to the Wiebe Door?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the burden of proving illegality in a civil case?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for applying the Convention on Human Rights in the context of human rights issues?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there any compelling change in circumstances between August 11, 2014 and today?
British Columbia, Canada
Can an individual sue for contribution or indemnity for the commissioning of a criminal offence?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a lawyer who withdrew funds from a trust to pay his client and his fees prior to the conclusion of an agreement or the obtaining of a court order in breach of an undertaking?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a person is disabled under section 1121 of the Ontario Motor Vehicle Accident Benefits Act?
California, United States of America
Does a jury's guilty verdict on felony murder and its true finding for the robbery special circumstance necessarily resolve the factual issues related to malice murder?
California, United States of America
What is the test for good faith in a custody dispute?
British Columbia, Canada
How has the court resolved the issue of conflict of interest?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will the defense counsel oppose the registration of a party?
California, United States of America
Does a prior conviction for robbery constitute double jeopardy?
California, United States of America
What are some cases that have been discussed in the context of this issue?
British Columbia, Canada
How has the doctrine of forfeiture been applied in the past?
California, United States of America
What is the test for finding an abuse of discretion in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for relevance when seeking production of documents from a party in a discovery context?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for a jury to accept a defendant's argument of imperfect self-defense?
California, United States of America
What is the test for knowing assistance in a breach of trust?
Ontario, Canada
What are the principles of a trial court not to abuse its discretion?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether an aider and abettor is liable for any other crime that was a "natural and probable consequence" of the crime?
California, United States of America
Is a person who is not a legal alien entitled to the same level of scrutiny as a plaintiff in a civil case?
California, United States of America
How have attorney's fees been awarded in a lawsuit against a third party?
California, United States of America
How does the Eighth Amendment apply when a sentence is too lenient?
California, United States of America
Can allegations of harassment fall under the tort of intentional infliction of mental suffering?
Ontario, Canada
Is a written agreement sufficient to cover all the issues that have not been settled in writing?
Nova Scotia, Canada
Is an uncharged offense necessarily included within a charged offense?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of the District Court's instruction to the jury that arguments are not evidence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the state of the mind of a defendant at the time of the crime?
California, United States of America
What is the test for heat of passion to be a murder?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a jury overturn a conviction of kidnapping?
California, United States of America
How has the objection of a defendant in a motion seeking immunity from prosecution been interpreted by the Court of Appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether criminal charges under section 182 of the California Penal Code constitute punishment?
California, United States of America
What is the test for the death penalty in a murder case?
California, United States of America
What constitutes a "frivolous" motion or pleading?
California, United States of America
Is there a fair probability that criminal evidence would be found at the location to be searched?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of a federal district court finding that an appeal against the Court of Appeal is moot?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the threshold issue in a personal injury action?
British Columbia, Canada
What authority does the California Licensing Board have to determine if a title or designation is misleading?
California, United States of America
Can a vehicle be used as a vehicle for the purpose of avoiding prosecution?
California, United States of America
Is reasonable doubt or presumption of innocence defined properly?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of section 12 of the Charter on a minimum sentence imposed under section 344(a) of the Criminal Code?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a debtor-in-possession permitted to assume a lease or executory contract that would not have been assumed under state law?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What was the burden of proving that appellant's gang was a "criminal street gang" within the meaning of section 186.4(d)?
California, United States of America
Does a court abuse its discretion by imposing a full consecutive term for Count Two of the Robbery and Aggravated Kidnapping under Section 667.6(c) of the Criminal Code?
California, United States of America
What is the impact of Section 2254(d) of the Federal Criminal Code on a defendant's ability to challenge his conviction?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a defendant have to pay a specific amount of victim restitution pursuant to section 1202.4, subdivision (f)(2) of the California Criminal Code?
California, United States of America
What are the implications of the California Supreme Court ruling that a crematorium can refuse to comply with a mandate issued by the California Board of Directors?
California, United States of America
Is the crime of sexual penetration by a foreign object a specific intent crime?
California, United States of America
Does a juror disagreement at trial result in a mistrial?
California, United States of America
What is the test for disqualification of an adjudicator?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for reversal of a conviction on the grounds of ineffective assistance of counsel?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to stay a sentence pursuant to section 654 of the California Criminal Code?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a husband be able to claim injunctive relief against a woman who lives in the home with the husband?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for injurious relief in a defamation case?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the effect of winter weather on the design of the sidewalk?
Ontario, Canada
What is the appropriate amount of spousal support?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for dismissing a federal action seeking an injunction to stop a state criminal proceeding?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for reading in in a defence case?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a search warrant be obtained without a warrant?
California, United States of America
Is counsel deficient in failing to bring a motion for a mistrial?
California, United States of America
What is the common law duty of care of the players in an accident?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a defendant to be found guilty of a charge of reckless endangerment in a federal district court?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the legal framework that governs assessment for loss of past and future earning capacity?
British Columbia, Canada
How have the arbitrator determined that a team leader and highest-ranking person at a group home is a named insured for SABS?
Ontario, Canada
Is there any case law where judgment was not obtained within a reasonable time?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for dismissing a motion for summary dismissal in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
How have the courts dealt with the appeal from an order confirming an arbitration award?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for declaratory judgment in favour of the present applicants in the Superior Court of Justice?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for establishing that a person is entitled to sue for damages if they are found to have committed an act of negligence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a plaintiff recover damages that are not alleged in the complaint?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test for a bailment?
Alberta, Canada
Does section 10(b) of the Act3 of the Federal Trade Union Guidelines need to be amended or amended?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is an allowance for occupation rent mandatory if there is a claim for expenses associated with the occupation?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the case law for an elderly woman who is suffering from chronic pain in her lower back, pelvis and lower back?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the duty of care of a nurse to a physician?
British Columbia, Canada
What constitutes torture and what are the elements of it?
California, United States of America
What factors must a court consider when determining probable cause for arrest?
California, United States of America
What is the test for relevancy in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
Does appellant have to testify at a hearing to determine whether his prior consistent statements were admissible?
California, United States of America
What is the test for an offer of a more lenient sentence in exchange for a guilty plea?
California, United States of America
Is Section 666.5 of the California Criminal Code an enhancement or an elevated punishment scheme for recidivist car thieves who have a prior felony conviction for car theft?
California, United States of America
Is the scope of environmental review determined by the potential environmental impact?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for apportioning costs between the usual tariff and the fast track rules?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a statement to a physician or a physiotherapist admissible as evidence of their truth?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a judge consider the quantum of an award in light of economic analysis?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a sentence of life without parole need to include a minimum parole date?
California, United States of America
What is the test for corroborating testimony of an accomplice in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
What is the credibility test for credibility determinations?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for entrapment in a criminal case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is required from an employer to meet its duty to accommodate?
Canada (Federal), Canada
In what circumstances will a defendant succeed in his challenge to a prosecutor's objection to a defense counsel's question?
California, United States of America
What is a SLAPP and what is its meaning?
California, United States of America
How have courts reviewed the admissibility of a witness's prior sexual conduct?
California, United States of America
What is the definition of a misdemeanor under former section 361 of the California Mental Health Act?
California, United States of America
Does plaintiff have authority to sign an arbitration agreement on behalf of her deceased husband?
California, United States of America
What is the scope of argument for abuse of power in a drug case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a prosecutor be found guilty of misconduct under state law for making false statements in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
Does the Court have jurisdiction to hear a pro se argument that the substance seized from a defendant was crack cocaine?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a defendant cross-examine his co-defendant’s evidence?
Saskatchewan, Canada
