Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.
Does the police have an obligation to ensure that the arrested youth has access to counsel prior to giving a statement?
British Columbia, Canada
How have courts treated deliberate indifference and recklessness in assessing a claim of intentional indifference?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can litigation privilege be used to prevent the production of all evidence relevant to the best interest of a child?
Ontario, Canada
Is Laichkwiltach liable for costs on both causes of action for the period prior to August 29, 2005?
British Columbia, Canada
Can an expert testify as to the details of a medical malpractice case if they are otherwise inadmissible?
California, United States of America
Is a postponement of a mortgagor’s right of redemption oppressive?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for arrest under section 495(1)(a) of the Criminal Code?
Ontario, Canada
Does the statute requiring the production of a video of a crime requiring that the tapes be delivered to the court for sealing be made available to the judge's presence?
California, United States of America
Can an order requiring an aggrieved party to pay an arbitration filing fee be appealed?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances can a minor be used as a witness in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant oppose a modification of the implied undertaking?
British Columbia, Canada
Is Attorney-General for Canada Attorney General for Canada legal?
Canada (Federal), Canada
In what circumstances will a federal judge accept a probation officer's recommendation for sentencing based on hearsay?
California, United States of America
How have courts treated incomplete, incomplete, or equivocal responses to a voir dire questionnaire in a capital case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a reversal of a finding by the Court of Appeal in a sexual assault case?
British Columbia, Canada
Does an applicant for disability insurance have to disclose all material facts?
Ontario, Canada
Is a probationary teacher entitled to terminate her employment if she takes time off from her duties due to her role as a volunteer with the US Army during the Vietnam War?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In a civil case, in what circumstances will the Court consider whether the error was harmless?
California, United States of America
Can rap lyrics about crime and bad acts be considered fictional accounts?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining that a plaintiff is less capable of earning income in the future?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a plaintiff bring a claim against an employer that it violated the collective bargaining agreement?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for grossly negligent conduct in a tax accountant's conduct?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for a common benefit claim in a personal injury action?
California, United States of America
Is a shareholder's loan account not a family asset to be valued?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for an individual to be found guilty of a criminal offence under the New York State Criminal Code?
"New York", United States of America
How have the courts interpreted the words "serious reasons for considering" in Section F of the Employment and Immigration Act?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Can a court modify a judgment where there is a legal impediment to imposition of punishment pursuant to a finding made by the jury?
California, United States of America
What is the common law test for damages for trespass where a plaintiff is seeking an injunction?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for refusing to testify in a civil trial?
California, United States of America
What is the test for displaced jurisdiction?
Ontario, Canada
Can expert rebuttal evidence be given in the absence of a written opinion?
British Columbia, Canada
What are the elements of a charge of accessory after the fact?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a police officer stop a stolen car?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for finding an attorney in contempt of court?
California, United States of America
What is the standard of review for the purpose of overturning a conviction for sexual assault?
California, United States of America
Does Section 6672 of the Federal Tax Code require an employer to withhold withholding from an employee, even if the employer pays withholding taxes to the employee?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a threat to a witness's credibility relevant to their credibility?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to determine whether a car manufacturer is liable for a design defect?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the legal test for fishing expeditions?
Ontario, Canada
Does a liability insurance policy promise to defend and indemnify the insured against injury claims?
California, United States of America
What is the common law case law relating to neck and upper back pain?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the effect of admitting to driving under the Fifth Amendment?
California, United States of America
Is a burglar's ignorance of the law sufficient to prevent him from being convicted of first degree burglary?
California, United States of America
What factors must be taken into account when determining the extent of an expense incurred by a separated parent in a separation proceeding?
Manitoba, Canada
Does a plaintiff have a right to sue the Town of Sainte-Foy for improperly assessed taxes?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the effect of prejudicial conduct, rulings and statements on the part of the trial judge?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a defendant in a paternity action entitled to appointed counsel?
California, United States of America
Is implied malice required for a jury to convict a defendant of attempted murder?
California, United States of America
Is Rule 18A of the Rules of Civil Procedure sufficient to avoid trial costs?
British Columbia, Canada
Can Rule 51.06 apply to a motion to strike a pleading?
Ontario, Canada
Can a claim be reapplied to an arbitrator on the basis that it is not factually distinct from the previous claim?
Ontario, Canada
What is the limitation period for a plaintiff to bring a claim against a defendant who has retired from the claim?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Can a federal appeals court review a denial of preliminary injunctive relief?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a Minister of Employment and Immigration ignore the Charter if it is administratively convenient to do so?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for propriety of a class action?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for determining a sentence that is procedurally unreasonable?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What factors will a court consider in determining whether to apply the doctrine of judicial estoppel?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for ascertainability in a class action?
California, United States of America
What is the test for "patently unreasonable" review?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a jury exclude specific evidence from their consideration?
California, United States of America
How have the courts interpreted a waiver declaration in the context of criminal history?
California, United States of America
What is the standard of review for the award of sanctions under Code of Civil Procedure section 128.7?
California, United States of America
Is it appropriate for a pro se litigant to submit their own pleadings and briefs?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for being too late for an application?
Ontario, Canada
Can an individual owner sue the strata corporation?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the limitation period between the conclusion of direct review and the filing of a state post-conviction application?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to find a defendant guilty as a principal in the commission of murder?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a contract is divisible?
Saskatchewan, Canada
To what extent can a court order to restore a person's income?
Ontario, Canada
When will a visa officer determine the qualifications of an applicant?
Canada (Federal), Canada
In what circumstances will a defendant be convicted of first degree murder?
California, United States of America
What are the findings of the review department in the Scott Matter?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of a special parole term on a convicted criminal?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there any liability between a police officer and the state?
California, United States of America
Is a clerk's transcript of a judge's memorandum opinion a substitute for the evidentiary record?
California, United States of America
Is a person who aids and abets a criminal act liable for any other crime committed by that confederate?
California, United States of America
In assessing whether a police officer has reasonable grounds to justify the arrest, what is the test for reasonable grounds?
Ontario, Canada
What is the basis for reversal of a judgment in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a landlord be able to claim damages from a tenant who is not a party to the contract?
Alberta, Canada
Is there insufficient admissible evidence to convict a defendant on two counts of attempted robbery?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion for an independent review of the record?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving ineffective assistance of counsel?
California, United States of America
What is the difference between Sixth Amendment rights and Fifth Amendment rights?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted the meaning of the phrase "continues or is in possession"?
Alberta, Canada
Can a police officer search down a suspect's clothing without a warrant?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving care or control of a truck?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for overturning a conviction under section 11352 of the Criminal Code?
California, United States of America
What is the history of the parties relationship and what is the potential for undue influence in a will?
Ontario, Canada
In a contempt case, in what circumstances will the Court allow the inference of knowledge?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the reason the court dismissed the case against the District Attorney for failing to preserve bloodstains?
California, United States of America
Does the Attorney General's request that we take judicial notice of the file in People v. Street (F059165), an appeal by the District Attorney from the imposition of an unlawful sentence in the matter before us?
California, United States of America
What are the two requisites for the valid imposition of a municipal tax?
Manitoba, Canada
Does the Attorney General have a claim of forfeiture against the Defendant for failing to object to prosecutorial misconduct and request jury admonishment?
California, United States of America
How can an inference of discrimination be drawn when it is more probable from the evidence than the actual explanations offered by the respondent?
Nova Scotia, Canada
Does a federal court sitting in diversity jurisdiction have to apply the law of the forum state regarding whether an action is barred by the statute of limitations?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for abuse of a district court's decision whether to order a presentence study?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for ineffective assistance in criminal law?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a division of assets?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a motion to exclude photographic evidence be denied on grounds of abuse of discretion?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law on leave to appeal from an order for special costs made separately from the substantive order?
British Columbia, Canada
Is there a compelling reason or proper circumstance in Lanteigne v.Lanteigne to breach solicitor’s brief privilege?
British Columbia, Canada
Is the trial court's order granting defendants' anti-SLAPP motion a judgment?
California, United States of America
What is the test for credibility in a witness testimony?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a dismissed employee to mitigate their damages by returning to work for the same employer?
Ontario, Canada
What is the applicable threshold for inadmissible entry to Canada under section 36(1) of the Immigration Code?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the definition of persecution and what is the effect of persecution on an asylum seeker?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for suppressing a confession in a federal criminal case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the mitigating factors in a civil case?
California, United States of America
Does a search warrant need to be limited to the county it was issued?
California, United States of America
What is the test for dismissing a habeas petition?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How would the provincial and municipal taxes of a 2.5% property tax be used?
Saskatchewan, Canada
How is performance calculated in a workers' compensation claim?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted automatic insurance provisions in the context of a motor vehicle accident?
California, United States of America
What is the test for overturning a conviction for errors or irregularities at a preliminary hearing or grand jury proceeding?
California, United States of America
Does a debtor have a moral obligation to pay a debt that is barred by the statute of limitations?
California, United States of America
Does the delayed discovery rule apply in this case?
California, United States of America
Is a wife's home a family asset?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a writ of review?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test for "aiding and abetting" a crime?
California, United States of America
Is a plaintiff entitled to psychotherapy for her driving related anxiety?
British Columbia, Canada
Does section 996.460 of the vexatious litigant statute, section 391391.7, provide independent statutory authority for a court to award attorney fees as a sanction?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test for equitable tolling in a habeas petition?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How much of a management assistance is required to look after the needs of the injured plaintiff to achieve the required rate of return?
British Columbia, Canada
Can qualified offenders who have been convicted of a criminal offence under section 1170.18, subdivision (k) of the Penal Code receive relief from the Court of Appeal when their criminal conviction has been reduced to a misdemeanour?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a plaintiff in a conversion case?
Saskatchewan, Canada
Is a security guard entitled to a 30-minute meal break?
California, United States of America
What is the test for making arguments for parties in a motion?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law where a defendant is convicted of burglary and robbery and then served his sentence for the same crime?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant successfully argue that her trial counsel's representation was deficient for failing to object to the middle term of her sentence?
California, United States of America
Can a judge appeal an adverse decision from the District Court of Appeal assigned to the same district judge as he had previously ruled against the same judge?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for admitting expert testimony under Federal Rule of Evidence 702?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for questioning a witness in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law on warrantless searches of commercial premises?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the effect of a bankruptcy trustee's abandonment of a property in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
What is the evidence supporting the enhancement of a criminal gang-related robbery and felon in possession of a firearm?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving that a venue is more convenient to the witnesses?
California, United States of America
Are there any errors in the transcript of a civil trial?
California, United States of America
Is a prosecutor misconduct when she encouraged jurors not to consider voluntary and involuntary manslaughter as lesser included offenses to the charge of second degree murder?
California, United States of America
When a motion for a new trial is granted on all or part of the issues raised in the motion, what grounds must the court specify?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a defendant's defense counsel argue that his voluntary use of alcohol and pain killers supports his argument of a provoked attempted killing?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether an agency's silence is sufficient to determine whether a decision was arbitrary or capricious?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the time frame for determining whether the accused is tried within a reasonable time?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the burden of proving that a defendant has not been seriously prejudiced in their actions?
British Columbia, Canada
Does the standard of review apply to a determination made by the Department of Education?
"New York", United States of America
How have courts interpreted "premeditation and deliberation" in a murder case?
California, United States of America
How have the courts treated the issue of "deliberate ignorance" in the context of a student's education?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is it improper for a jury to single out one witness and charge how his evidence should be considered?
California, United States of America
If defendant used a replica gun rather than an operable firearm, does this constitute a circumstance in aggravation within the meaning of rule 4.421(a)(2)?
California, United States of America
Does great bodily injury only need to be inflicted on a living person?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of establishing eligibility for relief?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a judge to determine whether foster parents have sustained the burden of proof against a natural mother?
"New York", United States of America
Does Wawanesa have to establish that the insured knew the change in risk was material?
British Columbia, Canada
Is the scope of environmental review determined by the potential environmental impact?
"New York", United States of America
What is the definition of a "public record" under the California Public Records Act?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a discretionary function defense?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What principles govern the assessment of credibility of a witness?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for reversal of a finding that a single error in the course of a criminal trial is prejudicial?
California, United States of America
Is a joint tenant entitled to a higher price than the appraised value of the property?
Ontario, Canada
Does an adult child who moves into the home of his parent's family unit need to pay board or be considered a member of the family unit?
British Columbia, Canada
What constitutes an equal protection violation if a jury selection process resulted in a substantial underrepresentation of an identifiable group?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a search warrant to search a marijuana grow operation under warrant affidavit?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a seller have a duty to disclose patent defects to the purchaser?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the impact of illegal immigration on a visa application?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Does a defendant have to plead guilty to a charge of assault under section 17, subdivision (b) of the California Criminal Code to avoid a conviction for the assault of a minor?
California, United States of America
Does an employee have a duty to mitigate damages arising from loss of life insurance?
British Columbia, Canada
Does Emeritus have to prove that there is a notarization of a Power of Attorney?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether to impose a lower term sentence on a convicted rapist?
California, United States of America
Does a duty of fair representation need to specifically raise an allegation of discrimination or a failure to accommodate?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the history and evolution of the relevant legislation for the purpose of repealing, amending or adding to a statute?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for establishing a constructive or equitable fraud?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the legal test for a "lying in wait" murder?
California, United States of America
Does a police officer have probable cause for arrest for possessing a lapel pin with a knife?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In what circumstances will the court vary a final order of custody or access?
Manitoba, Canada
Can an insurer be bound by a judgement obtained against a tortfeasor?
Ontario, Canada
Can a jury in a murder trial instruct the jury regarding first degree murder?
California, United States of America
Is a cross-complaint in a personal injury case compulsory in nature?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving that there is intent and presumptions of fraud?
British Columbia, Canada
Are there any issues regarding the timeliness of that portion of the claim being asserted by claimant individually?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for allowing evidence to be admitted under section 1101 of the Criminal Code?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law on religious freedom?
California, United States of America
What is the test for obtaining a Queen's License?
Nova Scotia, Canada
What is the standard of review for comment on a defendant's failure to testify or post-arrest silence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the impact of memory loss on testimony at a grand jury?
"New York", United States of America
Can a defendant be charged with grievous bodily injury under section 12022.7 of the California Criminal Code?
California, United States of America
What are the principles of a judicial foreclosure action?
California, United States of America
Does a plaintiff have a right to in-court identification?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances have abuse of process been applied to terminate a third party claim?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for determining if a jury has been found guilty of misconduct?
California, United States of America
What is the test for granting a hearing to determine the validity of a petition brought under Section 2255 of the Criminal Code?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for federal habeas corpus relief for instructional error?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for determining the validity of a statute?
California, United States of America
What is the limitation period for a claim against a defendant who has been denied a claim for over a year?
Nova Scotia, Canada
What is the test for a claim that the trial court erred by instructing on inapplicable laws?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant appeal his conviction for attempted burglary?
California, United States of America
What is the standard of review for a search warrant?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How does the role of a hearing judge change in a family law matter?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for whether a defendant is guilty of voluntary manslaughter or attempted murder in a case of mistaken identity?
California, United States of America
If a defendant stipulates to be a convicted felon, can the government prove more than one criminal conviction?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a federal judge obligated to withhold a decision from issuing a decision in a civil case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a federal officer have a greater right than a state agent to investigate at the request of a public carrier?
California, United States of America
