Is an aider and abettor liable for the natural and probable consequences of a crime committed as a result of their actions?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from People v. Garcia, D058280 (Cal. App. 2012):

"The liability of an aider and abettor extends also to the natural and reasonable consequences of the acts he knowingly and intentionally aids and encourages." (People v. Beeman, supra, 35 Cal.3d at p. 560.)

"Under the natural and probable consequences doctrine, an aider and abettor is guilty of not only the offense he intended to facilitate or encourage, but also of any reasonably foreseeable offense committed by the actual perpetrator. The defendant's knowledge that an act which is criminal was intended, and his action taken with the intent that the act be encouraged or facilitated, are sufficient to impose liability on him for any reasonably foreseeable offense committed as a consequence by the perpetrator." (People v. Miranda, supra, 192 Cal.App.4th at pp. 407-408.)

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