Does a defendant need to have a Miranda warning before making a statement to a security guard?
California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Cervantes, B292142 (Cal. App. 2019):
Taking the attempted murder conviction first, the high court has held statements a defendant makes to non-police personnelat least so far as the defendant is then awareneed not be preceded by Miranda warnings to be admissible in court. (Illinois v. Perkins (1990) 496 U.S. 292, 294 ["Miranda warnings are not required when the suspect is unaware that he is speaking
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