Can a defendant who was an aider and abettor be held liable for any reasonably foreseeable crime committed as a consequence by the perpetrator?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from People v. Juan P. (In re Juan P.), A153067, A153968 (Cal. App. 2019):

court established in People v. Croy (1985) 41 Cal.3d 1, "a defendant whose liability is predicated on his status as an aider and abettor need not have intended to encourage or facilitate the particular offense ultimately committed by the perpetrator. His knowledge that an act which is criminal was intended, and his action taken with the intent that the act be encouraged or facilitated, are sufficient to impose liability on him for any reasonably foreseeable offense committed as a consequence by the perpetrator. It is the intent to encourage and bring about conduct that is criminal, not the specific intent that is an element of the target offense, which . . . must be found by the [trier of fact]." (Id. at p. 12, fn. 5.)

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