What is the test for standing in a civil case?

To establish Article III standing, a plaintiff must allege (1) "an 'injury in fact' . . . which is (a) concrete and particularized, and (b) actual or imminent, not 'conjectural' or 'hypothetical,'" (2) that the injury is "fairly traceable to the challenged action of the defendant, and not the result of the independent action of some third party not before the court," and (3) that it is "likely, as opposed to merely speculative, that the injury will be redressed by a favorable decision." Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555, 560-61 (1992) (alterations, citations, footnote, and some internal quotation marks omitted).