What is the test for implied malice murder and involuntary manslaughter?

Both implied malice murder and involuntary manslaughter involve a disregard for life, but murder is judged by a subjective standard, while involuntary manslaughter is judged by an objective standard. (People v. Butler (2010) 187 Cal.App.4th 998, 1008-1009.) Implied malice murder requires a defendant's conscious disregard for life, meaning he subjectively appreciated the risk involved, while involuntary manslaughter merely requires that a reasonable person would have been aware of the risk. (Ibid.) Implied malice " 'contemplates a subjective awareness of a higher degree of risk than does gross negligence, and involves an element of wantonness which is absent in gross negligence.' " (Id. at p. 1008, fn. 5.)

An instruction on involuntary manslaughter as a lesser included offense must be given when a rational jury could entertain a reasonable doubt that an unlawful killing was accomplished with implied malice. (People v. Brothers (2015) 236 Cal.App.4th 24, 33-34.) However, "when, as here, the defendant indisputably has deliberately engaged in a type of aggravated assault the natural consequences of which are dangerous to human life, thus satisfying the objective component of implied malice as a matter of law, and no

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