What is the test for a jury to find a prison official deliberately indifferent to a prisoner's medical needs?

Jett v. Penner, 429 F.3d 1091, 1096 (9th Cir. 2006) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted). The second prong is satisfied "by showing (a) a purposeful act or failure to respond to a prisoner's pain or possible medical need and (b) harm caused by the indifference." Id. Indifference may appear when prison officials deny, delay or intentionally interfere with medical treatment, or it may be shown by the way in which prison physicians provide medical care. Id.

Officials need not be medical providers to be found deliberately indifferent to a prisoner's medical needs. Fundamentally, a plaintiff must show that a defendant was deliberately indifferent to his needs, and such indifference was not an isolated incident in plaintiff's treatment. Id. Officials may be deliberately indifferent to a prisoner's serious medical needs if "they were aware of the harmful effects of the pepper spray and of the inadequacy of their ventilation methods and yet purposefully refused to provide showers, medical care, or combative instructions or to develop an adequate policy to address obvious risks." Clement v. Gomez, 298 F.3d 898, 904 (9th Cir. 2002).