The following excerpt is from Griffin v. Zurbano, Case No.: 16-CV-2715-JLS-WVG (S.D. Cal. 2019):
1999). In addition, a conspiracy to violate constitutional rights must be predicated on a viable underlying constitutional claim. See Thornton v. City of St. Helens, 425 F.3d 1158, 1168 (9th Cir. 2005).
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