California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Thompson v. Lujan, F071658 (Cal. App. 2016):
As discussed previously, however, the standard of review of the trial court's determination of the sufficiency of the pleading is de novo, not abuse of discretion. In reviewing that ruling, we assume the truth of the properly pleaded allegations and matters of which judicial notice was taken. (Chapman v. Skype Inc. (2013) 220 Cal.App.4th 217, 225.) We do not review the trial court's reasoning.
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