What is the relevance of a relevance ruling for abuse of discretion?

We review a relevance ruling for abuse of discretion. (People v. Powell (2018) 6 Cal.5th 136, 162.) "The court's ruling will not be disturbed unless made 'in an arbitrary, capricious, or

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patently absurd manner that resulted in a manifest miscarriage of justice.' [Citation.]" (Ibid.) "[A] 'miscarriage of justice' should be declared only when the court, 'after an examination of the entire cause, including the evidence,' is of the 'opinion' that it is reasonably probable that a result more favorable to the appealing party would have been reached in the absence of the error." (People v. Watson (1956) 46 Cal.2d 818, 836.)

2. Application of the Law to this Case