California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Givens, B276541 (Cal. App. 2018):
gang members commit crimes together because it increases their chance of successfully completing the crime. The evidence showed that the defendants relied on each others' cooperation and loyalty to commit their crimes. (Id. at pp. 61-62; see also People v. Vang (2011) 52 Cal.4th 1038, 1048 [expert testimony about gang culture and habits is the type of evidence a jury may rely on to reach a finding on a gang allegation].)
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