What is attorney-client privilege and what are the implications of this?

It is clear that the attorney-client privilege encompasses more than merely those conversations which involve a "pending criminal case." It protects confidential communications between attorney and client made because of their professional relationship, and it is designed to insure confidence and complete disclosure between them. United States v. Goldfarb, 328 F.2d 280 (6th Cir. 1964), cert. denied 377 U.S. 976, 84 S.Ct. 1883, 12 L.Ed.2d 746 (1964); Baird v. Koerner, 279 F.2d 623 (9th Cir. 1960).