What constitutes "physical contact" with a federal officer?
MultiRegion, United States of America
The following excerpt is from U.S.A v. Stoddard, D.C. No. 4:09-cr-00918-CKJ-BPV-1, No. 10-10124 (9th Cir. 2011):
"physical contact." 18 U.S.C. 111(a). Cf. United States v. Ramirez, 233 F.3d 318, 322 (5th Cir. 2000) (interpreting former 111(a) "all other cases" assault provision to mean that "[a]ny physical contact [] by which a person 'forcibly assaults...' a federal officer in the performance of his duties but which does not involve a deadly weapon or bodily injury, falls into the" felony provision of subsection (a) (partial emphasis added)).
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