What is the fourth element of a fraudulent transaction?

Ontario, Canada


The following excerpt is from Sawah v Warren, 2015 ONSC 5373 (CanLII):

The fourth element mentioned by Karakatsanis J. was referred to in Bruno Appliance in paragraph 20 where she stated “as Taschereau C.J. held in Angers v. Mutual Reserve Fund Life Assn (1904), 1904 CanLII 44 (SCC), 35 S.C.R. 330 “fraud without damage gives…no cause of action” (p.340).”

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