One of the circumstances in which the "but for" test is potentially unworkable is in medical malpractice cases where [page288] scientific proof of causation is simply not attainable. In such cases, although the ultimate burden of proof remains with the plaintiff, a court is entitled to take a "robust and pragmatic approach" to the fact finding component of the causation analysis: see Snell v. Farrell at p. 330 S.C.R.
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