California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from CBS, Inc. v. Block, 230 Cal.Rptr. 362, 42 Cal.3d 646, 725 P.2d 470 (Cal. 1986):
Defendants also cite this court's decision in White v. Davis (1975) 13 Cal.3d 757, 120 Cal.Rptr. 94, 533 P.2d 222. This case is inapposite. It concerned police officers, posing as students, who engaged in the covert recording of class discussions. These recordings were used by the police [42 Cal.3d 654] officers as "intelligence" reports about professors and students. This court held that the complaint stated a prima facie violation of the state constitutional right of privacy, observing that "a principal aim of the constitutional provision is to limit the infringement upon personal privacy arising from the government's increasing collection and retention of data relating to all facets of an individual's life. The alleged accumulation in 'police dossiers' of information gleaned from classroom discussions or organization meetings presents one clear example of activity which the constitutional amendment envisions as a threat to personal privacy and security." (Id., at p. 761, 120 Cal.Rptr. 94, 533 P.2d 222.)
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