California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Knight, A150989 (Cal. App. 2018):
controlled by words, acts or authority of the perpetrator aimed at depriving the person's liberty, and such restriction is against the person's will; a restraint is not unlawful if it is accomplished by lawful authority and for a lawful purpose, as long as the restraint continues to be for a lawful purpose. The 'unlawful restraint required for violation of section 243.4 is something more than the exertion of physical effort required to commit the prohibited sexual act.' " (People v. Arnold (1992) 6 Cal.App.4th 18, 28.)
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