California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Martinez, B255184 (Cal. App. 2015):
Based on this, defendant argued that the operation was a custodial interrogation requiring Miranda rights to be given. He distinguished Illinois v. Perkins (1990) 496 U.S. 292, 296 (Perkins), which found that "[c]onversations between suspects and undercover agents do not implicate the concerns underlying Miranda." Defendant argued that the undercover operation here "goes far beyond what the undercover officer did" in
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