The following excerpt is from Lundstrom v. Young, 419 F.Supp.3d 1241 (S.D. Cal. 2019):
As a general rule, "a district court may not consider any material beyond the pleadings in ruling on a Rule 12(b)(6) motion." Lee v. City of Los Angeles , 250 F.3d 668, 688 (9th Cir. 2001). However, two exceptions to this rule exist.
[419 F.Supp.3d 1250]
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