What is the test for "without effect" when a state law conflicts with federal law?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from Smiley v. Citibank, 11 Cal.4th 138, 44 Cal.Rptr.2d 441, 900 P.2d 690 (Cal. 1995):

Since the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 316, 427, 4 L.Ed. 579, "it has been settled that state law that conflicts with federal law is 'without effect.' " (Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc.

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