California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Enriquez, F073236 (Cal. App. 2018):
"To prove the [gang] enhancement with respect to an offense, the prosecution must show that offense was 'committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with any criminal street gang, with the specific intent to promote, further, or assist in any criminal conduct by gang members ....' ( 186.22, subd. (b)(1).) 'The enhancement ... requires proof that the defendant commit a gang-related crime ....' [Citation.]" (People v. Pettie (2017) 16 Cal.App.5th 23, 50.)
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