What is the test for restricting a person's right of association as a condition of probation?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from People v. Gonsalves, 280 Cal.Rptr.3d 705, 66 Cal.App.5th 1 (Cal. App. 2021):

The right of association is constitutional but " may be restricted if reasonably necessary to accomplish the essential needs of the state and public order. [Citations.] Such restrictions are "part of the nature of the criminal process." " ( People v. Lopez (1998) 66 Cal.App.4th 615, 627628, 78 Cal.Rptr.2d 66 ( Lopez ).) "Trial courts have broad discretion to set conditions of probation in order to foster rehabilitation and to protect public safety pursuant to ... section 1203.1. [Citations.] If it serves these dual purposes, a

[66 Cal.App.5th 7]

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