California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Casares, 198 Cal.Rptr.3d 167, 364 P.3d 1093, 62 Cal.4th 808 (Cal. 2016):
totality of the circumstances, provide some objective manifestation that the person detained may be involved in criminal activity." (People v. Souza (1994) 9 Cal.4th 224, 231, 36 Cal.Rptr.2d 569, 885 P.2d 982.) Such reasonable suspicion cannot be based solely on factors unrelated to the defendant, such as criminal activity in the area. (See Illinois v. Wardlow (2000) 528 U.S. 119, 124, 120 S.Ct. 673, 145 L.Ed.2d 570 [individual's presence in an area of expected criminal activity not alone sufficient to support reasonable suspicion he or she is committing a crime].)
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