What is the test for reasonable suspicion in a search of a vehicle by the Border Patrol?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Garcia-Barron, 116 F.3d 1305 (9th Cir. 1997):

In the context of Border Patrol searches, the factors to be considered in determining whether "reasonable suspicion" exists to justify stopping a vehicle include, but are not limited to: 1) characteristics of the area; 2) proximity to the border; 3) usual patterns of traffic and time of day; 4) previous alien or drug smuggling in the area; 5) behavior of the driver, including "obvious attempts to evade officers"; 6) appearance or behavior of passengers; 7) model and appearance of the vehicle; and, 8) officer experience. United States v. Brignoni-Ponce, 422 U.S. 873, 885, 95 S.Ct. 2574, 2582, 45 L.Ed.2d 607 (1975).

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