The following excerpt is from United States v. Magallon-Lopez, 817 F.3d 671 (9th Cir. 2016):
The first question is whether the officers lawfully stopped the car. The Fourth Amendment permits investigatory stops if the facts known to the officers established "reasonable suspicion to believe that criminal activity may be afoot." United States v. Arvizu, 534 U.S. 266, 273, 122 S.Ct. 744, 151 L.Ed.2d 740 (2002) (internal quotation marks omitted). MagallonLopez does not seriously contest the existence of reasonable suspicion, nor could he.
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