The following excerpt is from In re Am. Express Anti-Steering Rules Antitrust Litig., 20-1766 (2nd Cir. 2021):
Proximate cause stands for the proposition that "the judicial remedy cannot encompass every conceivable harm that can be traced to alleged wrongdoing." AGC, 459 U.S. at 536. It encompasses "the judicial tools used to limit a person's responsibility for the consequences of that person's own acts" and "reflects ideas of what justice demands, or of what is administratively possible and convenient." Holmes v. Sec. Inv. Prot. Corp., 503 U.S. 258, 268 (1992)
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