What is the test for obtaining permission to commence a civil action in a federal district?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from Borders v. City of Braz., CASE NO. 1:16-cv-1818-DAD-SKO (E.D. Cal. 2017):

District courts "may authorize the commencement . . . of any suit, action or proceeding, civil or criminal . . . without prepayment of fees or security therefor, by a person who submits an affidavit that includes a statement of all assets such [person] possesses that the person is unable to pay such fees or give security therefor." 28 U.S.C. 1915(a)(1). A district court "shall dismiss the case at any time if the court determines" that the action is "frivolous or malicious," or "fails to state a claim on which relief may be granted." 28 U.S.C. 1915(e)(2)(B); O'Neal v. Price, 531

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