What is the test for making out a prima facie case of discrimination under Title VII?

To make out a prima facie case of discrimination under Title VII, a plaintiff must establish "(1) that he belonged to a protected class; (2) that he was qualified for the position he sought; (3) that he suffered an adverse employment action; and (4) that the adverse employment action occurred under circumstances giving rise to an inference of discriminatory intent." Id. at 251-52. "An adverse employment action is a materially adverse change in the terms and conditions of employment." Mathirampuzha v. Potter, 548 F.3d 70, 78 (2d Cir. 2008) (internal quotation marks, citation, and emphasis omitted).