What is the test for intervention as of right in a personal injury case?

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 24(a) establishes four requirements for intervention as of right: "timeliness; an interest relating to the subject of the action; practical impairment of the party's ability to protect that interest; and inadequate representation by the parties to the suit." United States v. Oregon, 913 F.2d 576, 587 (9th Cir.1990), cert. denied, 501 U.S. 1250, 111 S.Ct. 2889, 115 L.Ed.2d 1054 (1991). The rule is construed broadly in favor of the applicants. Id. A district court's decision concerning intervention as of right is reviewed de novo, except the question of timeliness which is reviewed for an abuse of discretion. Id.