What is the test for interpreting ambiguity in the meaning of a section of the California Penal Code?

"It is a 'well-established principle of statutory interpretation that if no ambiguity, uncertainty, or doubt about the meaning of a statute appears, the provision is to be applied according to its terms without further judicial construction. (Citation.)' [Citation.] It is equally well settled that 'ambiguities in penal statutes must be construed in favor of the offender, not the prosecution.' [Citation.] The literal language of statute may be disregarded only if it would lead to absurd results. [Citations.]" (McMillon v. Superior Court, supra, 157 Cal.App.3d 654, 657, 204 Cal.Rptr. 52.)