The following excerpt is from Tavares v. Whitehouse, No. 14-15814 (9th Cir. 2017):
21. See, e.g., Bailey v. Hill, 599 F.3d 976, 979 (9th Cir. 2010) ("We have repeatedly recognized that the imposition of a fine, by itself, is not sufficient to meet [28 U.S.C.] 2254's jurisdictional requirements.").
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