The following excerpt is from Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation v. Goldwyn, 328 F.2d 190 (9th Cir. 1964):
As stated in United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc., 334 U.S. 131, 173, 68 S.Ct. 915, 936-937, 92 L. Ed. 1260, a "specific intent" is not necessary to establish a "purpose or intent" to create a monopoly, but that the requisite "purpose or intent" is present "* * * if monopoly results as a necessary consequence of what was done." Nor was it necessary for the Government to allege that the alleged monopoly power created by the vertical integration in question had actually been exercised.56
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