What is the test for establishing a pattern of criminal gang activity?
California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Ortega, B278160 (Cal. App. 2017):
To prove a pattern of criminal gang activity, there must be proof of two or more "predicate offenses" enumerated in section 186.22, subdivision (e), not necessarily gang related, but committed on separate occasions, the last of which occurred within three years after a prior offense. (People v. Gardeley
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Other Questions
Does Section 186.22, subdivision of the Criminal Code, make it a felony for actively participate in a criminal street gang with knowledge that its members engage in or have engaged in a pattern of criminal gang activity? (California, United States of America)
Is a member of a street gang who actively participates in any criminal street gang with knowledge that its members engage in criminal gang activity liable for criminal activity? (California, United States of America)
Does Section 186.22, subdivision (a) of the California Criminal Code punish a person who actively participates in any criminal street gang with knowledge that its members engage in or have engaged in criminal gang activity? (California, United States of America)
Can a criminal gang member who is currently charged with an assault under the California Penal Code, and who is not charged under the current legislation, establish a pattern of criminal gang activity? (California, United States of America)
Is a person who actively participates in any criminal street gang with knowledge that its members engage in or have engaged in criminal gang activity a criminal offence? (California, United States of America)
Does the use of evidence of criminal street gang activity by a defendant to establish a predicate offence in a prosecution for active participation in a criminal gang constitute prejudicial or prejudicial evidence? (California, United States of America)
Is a person who is a member of a criminal gang liable for criminal activity if they are not involved in the criminal activity? (California, United States of America)
Does Section 186.22 of the California Criminal Code punish a person who actively participates in any criminal street gang with knowledge that its members engage in or have engaged in criminal gang activity? (California, United States of America)
Can a defendant who is charged with a charge of membership of a criminal gang commit one or more of the "two or more" predicate offenses necessary to establish a pattern of criminal gang activity? (California, United States of America)
Is a person who actively participates in any criminal street gang with knowledge that its members engage in or have engaged in a pattern of criminal gang activity liable? (California, United States of America)
