What is the test for determining whether a statement made by a police officer to a suspect is involuntary?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from People v. Johnson, B282481 (Cal. App. 2018):

"'The distinction that is to be drawn between permissible police conduct on the one hand and conduct deemed to have induced an involuntary statement on the other "does not depend upon the bare language of inducement but rather upon the nature of the benefit to be derived by a defendant if he speaks the truth as represented by the police." [Citation.] Thus, "[w]hen the benefit pointed out by the police to a suspect is merely that which flows naturally from a truthful and honest course of conduct,' the subsequent statement will not be considered involuntarily made."'" (People v. Gonzalez, supra, 210 Cal.App.4th at p. 883;

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