What is the test for determining whether a defendant has been convicted of a crime but has not been found guilty?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from Crump v. Superior Court of L. A. Cnty., 249 Cal.Rptr.3d 611, 37 Cal.App.5th 222 (Cal. App. 2019):

This facile contention cannot survive serious scrutiny. It omits the fundamental requirement of an actual verdict after trial or an admission by the defendant to a specific criminal charge. We are unaware of any principle under which we may conclude a defendant has been "convicted of the crime[ ]" ( 28, subd. (b)(13)(A)) in the absence of a verdict on or plea to that crime. And nothing in the case petitioners cite ( People v. Walker (2014) 231 Cal.App.4th 1270, 180 Cal.Rptr.3d 700 ( Walker )) persuades us otherwise. Walker does not stand for the proposition that restitution may be ordered for "criminal conduct" to which the defendant has not pleaded or been found guilty.

[37 Cal.App.5th 246]

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