The following excerpt is from Alston v. Cnty. of Sacramento Sheriff's Dep't, No. 2:13-cv-1488 KJM DB P (E.D. Cal. 2017):
Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122, 1132-33 (9th Cir. 2000). Determining "deliberate indifference" is a two-part inquiry. Thomas v. Ponder, 611 F.3d 1144, 1150 (9th Cir. 2010) (citing Farmer, 511 U.S. at 834). First, the inmate must show that the prison officials were aware of a "substantial risk of serious harm" to an inmate's health or safety. Id. Second, the inmate must show that the prison officials had no "reasonable" justification for the deprivations, in spite of that risk. Farmer, 511 U.S. at 844 ("Prison officials who actually knew of a substantial risk to inmate health
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or safety may be found free from liability if they responded reasonably."); Thomas, 611 F.3d at 1150.
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