California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Bell, A134249 (Cal. App. 1970):
duties . . . . Until the officer asserts some restraint on the contact's freedom to move, no detention occurs." (People v. Castaneda (1995) 35 Cal.App.4th 1222, 1227; see also People v. Dickey (1994) 21 Cal.App.4th 952, 954-955.)
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