What is the test for de novo review of a dismissal based on issue preclusion?

We now turn to de novo review of the district court's dismissal based on issue preclusion. See Garity v. APWU Nat'l Lab. Org., 828 F.3d 848, 854 (9th Cir. 2016) ("We . . . review the district court's ruling on issue preclusion de novo.").

Issue preclusion, which "bars the relitigation of issues actually adjudicated in previous litigation," applies where four conditions are met:

Janjua v. Neufeld, 933 F.3d 1061, 1065 (9th Cir. 2019) (citations omitted).