California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Tyler, E071094 (Cal. App. 2019):
The appellate court held that there was sufficient evidence of an "injury." (People v. Lara, supra, 30 Cal.App.4th at pp. 667-668.) It rejected the defendant's argument that "an injury is not something that 'can be cured or alleviated with common household remedies, with self-help or by doing nothing' but must be 'sufficiently severe a physician would recommend or perform affirmative acts in intervention, such as minor surgery, suturing, skin grafts, administration of prescription medicines or the like.'" (Id. at p. 667.) It stated: "[W]here, as here, it is undisputed that the officer/victim suffered injuries that were, in fact, treated by professional medical personnel at an emergency room, there is sufficient evidence to support a finding that he suffered an 'injury' . . . ." (Id. at pp. 667-668.)
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