The following excerpt is from Vitus v. Steiner, No. 2:12-CV-01381-TLN-CKD (E.D. Cal. 2013):
Circumstances constituting the alleged fraud must "be specific enough to give defendants notice of the particular misconduct . . . so that they can defend against the charge and not just deny that they have done anything wrong." Id. at 1124 (citing Bly-Magee v. California, 236 F.3d 1014, 1019 (9th Cir. 2001)) (internal quotation marks omitted).
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