What is the test for an adverse employment action under Title VII of the United States?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from Matthews v. McDonald, Case No.: 14cv1340-MMA (BLM) (S.D. Cal. 2016):

days of the date of the matter alleged to be discriminatory or, in the case of personnel action, within 45 days of the effective date of the action."); Sommatino v. United States, 255 F.3d 704, 707-708 (9th Cir. 2001). For purposes of Title VII, a claim "accrues upon awareness of the actual injury, i.e., the adverse employment action, and not when the plaintiff suspects a legal wrong." Lukovsky v. City & County of San Francisco, 535 F.3d 1044, 1049 (9th Cir. 2008).

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