The following excerpt is from Brown v. First Nat. Bank in Libby, 872 F.2d 426 (9th Cir. 1989):
4 Brown also contends that the district court abused its discretion in not allowing discovery in connection with his conspiracy claims. Brown places the cart before the horse. "A mere allegation of conspiracy without factual specificity is insufficient." Karim-Panahi v. Los Angeles Police Dept., 621 F.2d at 626.
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