The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Brewer, 947 F.2d 404 (9th Cir. 1991):
The use of the word "shall" makes it clear that a district court must comply with a request for exclusion. "The rule makes the exclusion of witnesses a matter of right and the decision is no longer committed to the court's discretion as it once was." United States v. Ell, 718 F.2d 291, 292 (9th Cir.1983).
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