What is the test for a jury to convict a defendant of more than three acts of substantial sexual conduct or lewd and lascivious conduct?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from People v. Penaloza, G044756 (Cal. App. 2013):

4. "'The People have introduced evidence tending to prove that there are more than three acts of substantial sexual conduct or lewd and lascivious conduct upon which a conviction in Count I may be based. Defendant may be found guilty if the proof shows beyond a reasonable doubt and you unanimously agree that the defendant committed three such acts.'" (People v. Owens, supra, 27 Cal.App.4th at p. 1158, italics added.)

5. Of course a court may not instruct the jury the same evidence creates a presumption that the fact to be inferred has been established. (People v. Roder (1983) 33 Cal.3d 491, 504-505.)

6. Although we find the court did not err in instructing the jury pursuant to the modified version of CALCRIM No. 3131, we reject respondent's characterization of the instruction. The court did not instruct the jury defendant was personally armed with a firearm while possessing drugs for sale. Had the court done so, it would have denied defendant due process of law. (People v. Flood (1998) 18 Cal.4th 470, 502-503.)

Other Questions


What is the test for determining whether a defendant has committed more than three acts of substantial sexual conduct or lewd and lascivious conduct? (California, United States of America)
Is there any case law where a defendant has been convicted of lewd and lascivious acts with a child who was convicted of a serious sexual assault prior to his sentencing? (California, United States of America)
Is there any case law where a defendant has been charged with a sexual offence committed by another defendant as a result of his past sexual conduct? (California, United States of America)
Can a defendant who sexually assaults a child under age 14 be convicted of both sexual assault and lewd conduct based on the same act? (California, United States of America)
What is the factual and procedural background to a motion of appeal against the conviction of defendant in the case of defendant's sexual assault conviction? (California, United States of America)
When a defendant is convicted of multiple crimes arising out of the same act or an indivisible course of conduct, can they be convicted of more than one of the crimes? (California, United States of America)
What is the test for a jury to convict a defendant of a sexual assault where there are more than one factual basis for conviction? (California, United States of America)
Is a convicted burglar wrongfully convicted because of his co-defendant's prior burglary conviction? (California, United States of America)
In assessing the sufficiency of the evidence to support a conviction, what is the test for a jury to convict a defendant of sexual assault? (California, United States of America)
Can a defendant appeal against his prior convictions for lewd and lascivious conduct with a minor? (California, United States of America)
X



Alexi white


"The most advanced legal research software ever built."

Trusted by top litigators from across North America.