What is the test for a first degree murder?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from People v. Canales, B262949 (Cal. App. 2016):

"There is no question that [defendant] was the perpetrator. The only question is the circumstances under which the murder occurredthat is, whether it was premeditated and deliberate." (People v. Perez, supra, 2 Cal.4th at pp. 1120-1121.) First degree murder is "willful, deliberate, and premeditated killing . . . . All other kinds of murders

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