The following excerpt is from Austin v. Brown, Case No.: 3:18-cv-600-WQH-JLB (S.D. Cal. 2019):
(9th Cir. 1998) ("[Courts] are not required to accept as true conclusory allegations which are contradicted by documents referred to in the complaint."))); see also Nat'l Ass'n for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis v. Cal. Bd. of Psychology, 228 F.3d 1043, 1049 (9th Cir. 2000) (stating that courts "may consider facts contained in documents attached to the complaint" to determine whether the complaint states a claim for relief).
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