What is the test for a cause of action under Section 1983 of the United States Constitution?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from Romero v. Yates, Case No. 1:14-cv-1062-SKO (E.D. Cal. 2017):

Title 42 U.S.C. Section 1983 provides a cause of action for the deprivation of "rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution or laws of the United States" by any person acting "under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage." Gomez v. Toledo, 446 U.S. 635, 639 (1980). Section 1983 is not itself a source of substantive rights, but instead is a

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