What is the state of mind required for a prison official to be found liable for tortfeasorous deprivation under the Eighth Amendment?

The state of mind requirement under the subjective component of the Eighth Amendment standard has been defined as "deliberate indifference" to an inmate's health or safety. Farmer, 511 U.S. at 834. Under the "deliberate indifference" standard, a prison official cannot be found liable for denying an inmate humane conditions of confinement unless the official knows of and disregards an excessive risk to inmate health or safety. Id. at 837. It is obduracy and wantonness, not inadvertence or error in good faith that characterize the conduct prohibited by the cruel and unusual punishment clause. Whitley v. Albers, 475 U.S. 312 (1986).

The circumstances, nature, and duration of an alleged deprivation are relevant to the question of whether a constitutional violation has occurred. Johnson v. Lewis, 217 F.3d 726, 731 (9th Cir. 2000). Subjecting a prisoner to a lack of sanitation that is severe or prolonged can constitute an infliction of pain within the meaning of the Eighth

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