California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Phillips, B265394 (Cal. App. 2017):
"We apply a de novo standard of review in assessing whether jury instructions correctly state the law or whether they effectively direct a finding adverse to a defendant by removing an issue from the jury's consideration. [Citation.] '[T]he proper test for judging the adequacy of instructions is to decide whether the jury was fully and fairly instructed on the applicable law.' [Citation.]" (People v. Dowdell (2014) 227 Cal.App.4th 1388, 1418.)
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